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4, Universal justice. The Arabic term for justice is ‘Adl’, which means, “to be in a state of equilibrium.” That balance is inherent in the cosmic order and ecology as much as it is inherent in spiritual and ethical values. The Qur’an warns against disturbing that balance. Within that broad contact, we can examine the concept of justice as it relates to human relationships based on Islam’s primary sources. Briefly, that concept has the following characteristics:
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It should be noted from the beginning that the very term “Islam” implies that peace is the basis and the norm of Muslim – non-Muslim relations. Islam is derived from the Arabic root (S-L-M) whose generic meaning includes the concepts “peace” and “submission”.
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The Prophet (saw) said: “Do not be envious of one another; do not artificially inflate prices against one another, do not hate one another; do not shun one another; do not undercut one another in business transactions; and be as fellow-brothers and servants of Allah. A Muslim is the brother of a Muslim. He neither oppresses him nor humiliates him nor looks down upon him. Piety is here – and he pointed to his chest three times. It is evil enough for a Muslim to hold his brother Muslim in contempt. All things of a Muslim are inviolable for another Muslim: his blood, his property and his honour.” (Muslim)
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